External diseases of the eye.

The child presenting a red, tearing eye can pose a dilemma for the pediatrician. A good history and a careful systematic examination using good light and magnification should lead the physician to the proper diagnosis. The child with no complaints other than discharge probably has a conjunctivitis, while the child with photophobia and a scratchy sensation should make one search for either a foreign body or a corneal problem. Fluorescein dye is invaluable in outlining a corneal scratch, abrasion, dendritic ulcer, or bacterial ulcer; and the use of smears and cultures can help pinpoint the exact cause of the patient's difficulties and help in choosing the proper medication. The care of the patient with a red eye may be difficult; but when properly done, it can be a source of great satisfaction to both the patient and the physician.