Investigation of the protective efficacy of Caesalpinia sappan and spirulina against ethanol-induced experimental rat gastritis model.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective effect of Caesalpinia sappan and spirulina against gastritis and determine changes in the expression of CD8, CD68, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.

METHODS

Gastritis was induced in 24 female Wistar albino rats on the first day using ethanol. The treatment groups were given C. sappan (250 mg/kg) and spirulina (400 mg/kg) using oral gavage for five days. Blood and stomach tissue samples of the mice were analyzed.

RESULTS

Caesalpinia sappan and spirulina increased CD8 and CD68 expression and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels thereby decreasing the severity of inflammation. It was found that they simultaneously decreased MHC I and MHC II expressing cells, increased superoxide dismutase levels, whereas malondialdehyde, and myeloperoxidase levels decreased in the treatment group.

CONCLUSION

This study revealed that C. sappan and spirulina can protect gastric mucosa by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.