Network Abnormalities in Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis of Resting-State Functional Connectivity.

Aberrant large-scale resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) has been frequently documented in ischemic stroke. However, it remains unclear about the altered patterns of within- and across-network connectivity. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the altered rsFC in patients with ischemic stroke relative to healthy controls, as well as to reveal longitudinal changes of network dysfunctions across acute, subacute, and chronic phases. A total of 24 studies were identified as eligible for inclusion in the present meta-analysis. These studies included 269 foci observed in 58 contrasts (558 patients with ischemic stroke; 526 healthy controls; 38.84% female). The results showed: (1) within-network hypoconnectivity in the sensorimotor network (SMN), default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SN), respectively; (2) across-network hypoconnectivity between the SMN and both of the SN and visual network, and between the FPN and both of the SN and DMN; and (3) across-network hyperconnectivity between the SMN and both of the DMN and FPN, and between the SN and both of the DMN and FPN. Meta-regression showed that hypoconnectivity between the DMN and the FPN became less pronounced as the ischemic stroke phase progressed from the acute to the subacute and chronic phases. This study provides the first meta-analytic evidence of large-scale rsFC dysfunction in ischemic stroke. These dysfunctional biomarkers could help identify patients with ischemic stroke at risk for cognitive, sensory, motor, and emotional impairments and further provide potential insight into developing diagnostic models and therapeutic interventions for rehabilitation and recovery.