Human papillomavirus and prostate cancer in Mexican men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To systematically evaluate the association between a history of Condyloma acuminatum, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in prostate tissue, and prostate cancer in Mexican men, as well as to assess the prevalence of high- and low-risk HPV genotypes in prostate tissue.

METHODS

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on studies that investigated the presence of HPV in prostate tissue or a history of condyloma and their association with prostate cancer. Data were extracted from PubMed and Web of Science, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and the prevalence of HPV genotypes were calculated using a random effects model.

RESULTS

Eight case-control studies were included, comprising 1,059 cases and 1,768 controls. A significant association was found between the presence of HPV in prostate tumour tissue and prostate cancer (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.52-3.60). Meanwhile, a borderline statistically significant relationship was observed between a history of Condyloma acuminatum and prostate cancer (2.26, 95% CI 1.00-5.11). The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 77% (95% CI 69-84%), while the prevalence of low-risk HPV was 23% (95% CI 16-31%). No significant publication bias or heterogeneity was detected.

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of HPV in prostate tissue is significantly associated with increased odds of prostate cancer in Mexican men. These findings suggest that HPV may play a role in the development of prostate cancer and underscore the importance of further investigation into HPV screening and vaccination as potential preventive measures.