Metronidazole treatment of women with a positive fetal fibronectin test result.

Eighty-nine women with either bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonas vaginalis, or both, who also had a positive fetal fibronectin test result were randomized to two courses of metronidazole treatment as part of a Maternal-Fetal Medicine Network Units study of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. In this subgroup analysis, compared with the placebo group, women who were treated with metronidazole had a nonsignificant reduction in spontaneous preterm birth from 14.6% to 8.3%.