Central trained immunity in the context of bladder cancer immunotherapy.

Two articles in Immunity and Cancer Cell describe that bladder cancer immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) alone or in combination with β-glucan, another agonist of trained immunity (TRIM), involves reprogramming of bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis. These findings provide additional evidence of the therapeutic potential of BM-mediated TRIM against cancer.