Wilderness & environmental medicine · 2009
The Snow Snorkel: a proof of concept study.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Windsor Jeremy S, Hamilton Edwin, Grocott Michael P, O'Dwyer Michael J, Milledge James S
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that the Snow Snorkel can be used safely by healthy volunteers buried in snow for up to 1 hour.
METHODS: Nine healthy male volunteers were placed in a shoulder-width trench and buried with snow to a depth of 30 to 40 cm. The study was divided into 2 stages. The first stage (Stage 1) was performed with the Snow Snorkel in operation (60-minute duration) and was then followed by a second stage (Stage 2) (15-minute duration) when the device was removed. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), axillary temperature (T), and 3-lead electrocardiography (ECG) were monitored throughout the study.
RESULTS: Of the 9 volunteers who were enrolled, 7 were able to complete Stage 1, while only 3 were able to complete Stage 2. In those who completed Stage 1, the mean HR fell by 14.1 beats/min (P = .002), while RR (P = .5) and SaO2 (P = .7) remained unchanged compared to baseline measurements. There were no changes in T or ECG.
CONCLUSIONS: Simple systems such as the Snow Snorkel are effective during snow burial and warrant further investigation.
METHODS: Nine healthy male volunteers were placed in a shoulder-width trench and buried with snow to a depth of 30 to 40 cm. The study was divided into 2 stages. The first stage (Stage 1) was performed with the Snow Snorkel in operation (60-minute duration) and was then followed by a second stage (Stage 2) (15-minute duration) when the device was removed. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), axillary temperature (T), and 3-lead electrocardiography (ECG) were monitored throughout the study.
RESULTS: Of the 9 volunteers who were enrolled, 7 were able to complete Stage 1, while only 3 were able to complete Stage 2. In those who completed Stage 1, the mean HR fell by 14.1 beats/min (P = .002), while RR (P = .5) and SaO2 (P = .7) remained unchanged compared to baseline measurements. There were no changes in T or ECG.
CONCLUSIONS: Simple systems such as the Snow Snorkel are effective during snow burial and warrant further investigation.