Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with cardiac amyloidosis and sarcoidosis: procedural findings and outcomes.
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Oraii Alireza, Hanumanthu Balaram Krishna J, Petzl Adrian, Liao Ting-Wei, Afzalian Arian, Rodriguez-Queralto Oriol, Chaumont Corentin, Spears Jenna, Markman Timothy M, Hyman Matthew C, Tschabrunn Cory M, Guandalini Gustavo, Enriquez Andres, Shivamurthy Poojita, Kumareswaran Ramanan, Deo Rajat, Ferrari Victor A, Riley Michael P, Lin David, Callans David J, Supple Gregory E, Schaller Robert D, Frankel David S, Garcia Fermin C, Nazarian Saman, Dixit Sanjay, Marchlinski Francis E
Аннотация
AIMS: The diagnosis of infiltrative cardiomyopathies has increased over last years. Catheter ablation is becoming the preferred approach for managing atrial fibrillation (AF) in these patients. This study aims to characterize differences in procedural findings during AF ablation in patients with and without infiltrative cardiomyopathies.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac sarcoidosis undergoing first-time AF ablation were propensity score matched in 1:4 ratio to separate reference groups that received trigger provocative manoeuvres (isoproterenol infusion and/or atrial burst pacing) and had no prior cardiac surgery. Non-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers [defined as ectopic foci initiating AF or sustained focal atrial tachycardia (AT)] and macro-reentrant atrial flutters (AFLs) were then mapped and targeted. Recurrence was defined as AF/AT/AFL ≥ 30 s after 90-day blanking period. Twenty-four patients with cardiac amyloidosis were matched to 96 controls, and 17 patients with cardiac sarcoidosis were matched to 68 controls. Non-PV triggers were more frequent in patients with cardiac amyloidosis {29.2% vs. 8.3%; odds ratio [OR] = 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-14.2]} and cardiac sarcoidosis [17.6% vs. 7.4%; OR = 2.7 (95% CI: 0.6-12.6)] compared with their reference groups. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis also had a higher incidence of left atrial macro-reentrant flutters [37.5% vs. 6.3%; OR = 9.0, (95% CI: 2.8-29.0)]. One-year recurrence rate was similar between patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and controls (33.3% vs. 33.9%; P = 0.965) but higher in patients with cardiac amyloidosis vs. controls (47.4% vs. 27.1%; P = 0.049).
CONCLUSION: Patients with infiltrative cardiomyopathies exhibit higher rates of non-PV triggers and left AFLs during first-time AF ablation. Those with cardiac amyloidosis experience higher arrhythmia recurrence rates compared with controls.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with cardiac amyloidosis and cardiac sarcoidosis undergoing first-time AF ablation were propensity score matched in 1:4 ratio to separate reference groups that received trigger provocative manoeuvres (isoproterenol infusion and/or atrial burst pacing) and had no prior cardiac surgery. Non-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers [defined as ectopic foci initiating AF or sustained focal atrial tachycardia (AT)] and macro-reentrant atrial flutters (AFLs) were then mapped and targeted. Recurrence was defined as AF/AT/AFL ≥ 30 s after 90-day blanking period. Twenty-four patients with cardiac amyloidosis were matched to 96 controls, and 17 patients with cardiac sarcoidosis were matched to 68 controls. Non-PV triggers were more frequent in patients with cardiac amyloidosis {29.2% vs. 8.3%; odds ratio [OR] = 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-14.2]} and cardiac sarcoidosis [17.6% vs. 7.4%; OR = 2.7 (95% CI: 0.6-12.6)] compared with their reference groups. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis also had a higher incidence of left atrial macro-reentrant flutters [37.5% vs. 6.3%; OR = 9.0, (95% CI: 2.8-29.0)]. One-year recurrence rate was similar between patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and controls (33.3% vs. 33.9%; P = 0.965) but higher in patients with cardiac amyloidosis vs. controls (47.4% vs. 27.1%; P = 0.049).
CONCLUSION: Patients with infiltrative cardiomyopathies exhibit higher rates of non-PV triggers and left AFLs during first-time AF ablation. Those with cardiac amyloidosis experience higher arrhythmia recurrence rates compared with controls.