The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2015
Clinical, immunophenotypic, and molecular characteristics of well-differentiated systemic mastocytosis.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Álvarez-Twose Iván, Jara-Acevedo María, Morgado José Mário, García-Montero Andrés, Sánchez-Muñoz Laura, Teodósio Cristina, Matito Almudena, Mayado Andrea, Caldas Carolina, Mollejo Manuela, Orfao Alberto, Escribano Luis
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Well-differentiated systemic mastocytosis (WDSM) is a rare variant of systemic mastocytosis (SM) characterized by bone marrow (BM) infiltration by mature-appearing mast cells (MCs) often lacking exon 17 KIT mutations. Because of its rarity, the clinical and biological features of WDSM remain poorly defined.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the clinical, biological, and molecular features of a cohort of 33 patients with mastocytosis in the skin in association with BM infiltration by well-differentiated MCs and to establish potential diagnostic criteria for WDSM.
METHODS: Thirty-three patients with mastocytosis in the skin plus BM aggregates of round, fully granulated MCs lacking strong CD25 and CD2 expression in association with clonal MC features were studied.
RESULTS: Our cohort of patients showed female predominance (female/male ratio, 4:1) and childhood onset of the disease (91%) with frequent familial aggregation (39%). Skin involvement was heterogeneous, including maculopapular (82%), nodular (6%), and diffuse cutaneous (12%) mastocytosis. KIT mutations were detected in only 10 (30%) of 33 patients, including the KIT D816V (n = 5), K509I (n = 3), N819Y (n = 1), and I817V (n = 1) mutations. BM MCs displayed a unique immunophenotypic pattern consisting of increased light scatter features, overexpression of cytoplasmic carboxypeptidase, and aberrant expression of CD30, together with absent (79%) or low (21%) positivity for CD25, CD2, or both. Despite only 9 (27%) of 33 patients fulfilling the World Health Organization criteria for SM, our findings allowed us to establish the systemic nature of the disease, which fit with the definition of WDSM.
CONCLUSIONS: WDSM represents a rare clinically and molecularly heterogeneous variant of SM that requires unique diagnostic criteria to avoid a misdiagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis per current World Health Organization criteria.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the clinical, biological, and molecular features of a cohort of 33 patients with mastocytosis in the skin in association with BM infiltration by well-differentiated MCs and to establish potential diagnostic criteria for WDSM.
METHODS: Thirty-three patients with mastocytosis in the skin plus BM aggregates of round, fully granulated MCs lacking strong CD25 and CD2 expression in association with clonal MC features were studied.
RESULTS: Our cohort of patients showed female predominance (female/male ratio, 4:1) and childhood onset of the disease (91%) with frequent familial aggregation (39%). Skin involvement was heterogeneous, including maculopapular (82%), nodular (6%), and diffuse cutaneous (12%) mastocytosis. KIT mutations were detected in only 10 (30%) of 33 patients, including the KIT D816V (n = 5), K509I (n = 3), N819Y (n = 1), and I817V (n = 1) mutations. BM MCs displayed a unique immunophenotypic pattern consisting of increased light scatter features, overexpression of cytoplasmic carboxypeptidase, and aberrant expression of CD30, together with absent (79%) or low (21%) positivity for CD25, CD2, or both. Despite only 9 (27%) of 33 patients fulfilling the World Health Organization criteria for SM, our findings allowed us to establish the systemic nature of the disease, which fit with the definition of WDSM.
CONCLUSIONS: WDSM represents a rare clinically and molecularly heterogeneous variant of SM that requires unique diagnostic criteria to avoid a misdiagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis per current World Health Organization criteria.