[Intratruncal fascicular compression of the anterior interosseous nerve].

Two patients are reported who were operated for clinically apparent anterior interosseous nerve compression syndrome (Kiloh-Nevin). In contrast to the cases described in the literature, no external compression was found anywhere in the course of the nerve. However, the nerve bundles forming the nerve within the main median nerve proximal to the elbow were found to be compressed in isolation. The median nerve was otherwise normal. In one case, the compressed nerve was excised and grafted and, in the other case, a perineural neurolysis was performed. In both cases, the paralysis improved. Two cases in the literature are discussed, in which similar findings were present.