Lengthening and spatial correction of limbs.

Limb inequality, axial deformity and other problems of reconstructive bone and joint surgery are discussed. Limb length equalisation and correction of axial deformities are complex surgical and rehabilitation procedures associated with a high incidence (0-50%) of complications and side effects requiring prompt remedial measures. The basic principles of limb lengthening by the Wagner method and the essential features of the Ilizarov method for elongation and spatial correction of congenital and acquired limb deformities are described. Further indications for the use of the Ilizarov method in the management of posttraumatic and congenital anomalies of the bone and joint system are presented. The results of operative treatment of these anomalies obtained by the Wagner and Ilizarov techniques over the period from 1979 to 1992 in a total of 274 patients are presented. Attention was focused on the problem of complications or rather side effects arising during such treatment procedures, their prevention and management.