[The medical social characteristic of disabled children residing in nursing homes of the Russian Federation].

The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize urgent problems and proposals for implementing innovations in medical and social care of disabled children in nursing homes. The analysis of official data and results of epidemiological study concerning disabled children aged 0-17 years resigning in nursing homes permitted to identify dynamics of changes in age structure of observed contingent, causes of disability and accessibility and quality of medical care and psychological pedagogical assistance. It was established that total number of disabled children living in nursing homes and their part among all disabled children is stable. The most common pathology and cause of disability are mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of nervous system, congenital anomalies, deformities and chromosomal abnormalities, diseases of eye and its adnexa. The insufficient accessibility and low quality of various types of medical care (preventive examination, specialized, hospital, rehabilitation and palliative care) is established. At organizing education of children, difficulties occurred due to lacking of special conditions and technical means, availability and qualification of specialists of psychological and pedagogical profile. In most cases, inmates reside in buildings with high technical wear and impossibility of complex implementation of state programs requirements. The article presents set of proposals, including consolidation of subordination of medical support to regional medical centers, introduction of modern education technologies for disabled children, improvement of competence of psychological and pedagogical personnel, external audit of technical conditions and facilities of nursing homes, widespread application of potential of non-governmental organizations.