Annals of African medicine · 2026
Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Admissions and Outcome at Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria.
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Oyedeji Olusola Adetunji, Olaitan Virtue Tomisona, Ayinde Joseph Babafunso, Onah Samson Chidiebere, Ogra Wandoo Stephanie, Adepoju Adedoyin Beatrice, Olushola-Adokayi Olubukola Oluwayemisi, Obiajunwa Perpetua Okwuchi
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The burden, profile, and outcomes of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have not been exhaustively studied in developing countries. The present study hopes to fill some of this knowledge gap.
AIM: The study aimed to document the burden and profile of pediatric HIV admission at Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria, with emphasis on highlighting peculiarities in our setting.
METHODS: A retrospective study of the case records of all HIV-infected children admitted and managed on the pediatric infectious ward over 15 years. Data obtained from the information were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and inferences were made.
RESULTS: The total HIV-infected children population studied consisted of 18 (47.4%) boys and 20 (52.6%) girls with a mean age of 4.06 ± 3.90 years. Transmission of HIV was vertical in all, while diagnosis of HIV infection was made during the index admission in 35 (92.1%). Tuberculosis, community-acquired pneumonia, severe malaria, Pneumocystis pneumonia, sepsis, and cryptococcal infections accounted for more than 80% of admissions. Severe malaria was more common in the above 5 years of age group. Candida and scabies were the most common coinfections and infestations, respectively. More than 50% of admissions were complicated with anemia and hypoxemia. The nine recorded deaths represent 23.7% of the population studied, with Pneumocystis pneumonia and cryptococcal infections accounting for more than half of the deaths. Hypoxemia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were significantly associated with death ( P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Childhood HIV infections are a significant contributor to pediatric infectious morbidity, with high HIV case mortality rates. Strategies to reverse this narrative are urgently needed for deployment.
AIM: The study aimed to document the burden and profile of pediatric HIV admission at Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria, with emphasis on highlighting peculiarities in our setting.
METHODS: A retrospective study of the case records of all HIV-infected children admitted and managed on the pediatric infectious ward over 15 years. Data obtained from the information were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and inferences were made.
RESULTS: The total HIV-infected children population studied consisted of 18 (47.4%) boys and 20 (52.6%) girls with a mean age of 4.06 ± 3.90 years. Transmission of HIV was vertical in all, while diagnosis of HIV infection was made during the index admission in 35 (92.1%). Tuberculosis, community-acquired pneumonia, severe malaria, Pneumocystis pneumonia, sepsis, and cryptococcal infections accounted for more than 80% of admissions. Severe malaria was more common in the above 5 years of age group. Candida and scabies were the most common coinfections and infestations, respectively. More than 50% of admissions were complicated with anemia and hypoxemia. The nine recorded deaths represent 23.7% of the population studied, with Pneumocystis pneumonia and cryptococcal infections accounting for more than half of the deaths. Hypoxemia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were significantly associated with death ( P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Childhood HIV infections are a significant contributor to pediatric infectious morbidity, with high HIV case mortality rates. Strategies to reverse this narrative are urgently needed for deployment.