Chinese visceral adiposity index predicts all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) for all-cause mortality in the high-risk population with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart failure (HF), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

RESULTS

Over a median 26-month follow-up among 442 patients, 194 deaths occurred. The highest CVAI tertile (T3) exhibited a significantly elevated mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.806, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.848-4.261, P < 0.001), demonstrating a linear dose-response relationship. CVAI provided significant incremental predictive value beyond left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association in patients with LVEF < 40% but not in those with LVEF ≥ 40% (P for interaction = 0.049).