Investigating the pharmacological properties of Eurya nitida Korth. Fruit extracts: promising anti-skin aging and anti-inflammatory effects.

This research investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cholinesterase properties of fruit extracts, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), methanol (MeOH), and aqueous extracts from Eurya nitida Korth. (Pentaphylacaceae) for the first time. UPLC-QToF/MS analysis identified tentative compounds 1-12 in the MeOH extract. All extracts demonstrated notable in vitro antioxidant activity, with the EtOAc extract showing the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reducing power (RP), and DPPH• scavenging activity, with values of 175.9 ± 1.59 mg AAE/g, 98.47 ± 0.95 µg/mL (IC50), and 3.22 ± 0.04 µg/mL (IC50), respectively. In HaCaT keratinocytes, the EtOAc extract reduced H2O2-induced oxidative stress. All extracts inhibited NO production in RAW264.7 cells activated by LPS, with the EtOAc extract showing the most significant inhibition (IC50 ≈ 29.39 ± 0.67 µg/mL). However, these extracts exhibited weak AChE inhibitory activity. These findings suggest that E. nitida may be a promising candidate for skincare and anti-inflammatory applications.