Arteriographic findings in congenital malformations of the hand.

The authors show their routine technique for arteriographic examination in patients with congenital malformations. They demonstrate angiograms taken in the more common congenital deformities of the hand. Vascular anomalies are nearly always found. Most commonly the progressively more distal artery is seen with the development of a single arterial system in the more advanced deformities. The authors suggest that anomalies in the development of the vascular tree may in fact prove to be the determining factor in congenital anomalies, since the differentiation of the vascular tree appears very early in embryonic life.