Analysis of Quality Distinctions of Pumpkin Seed Oil (Cucurbita pepo var. oleifera) and Walnut Oil (Juglans regia L.).

The study aimed to characterize the quality and evaluate the content of bioactive substances in cold-pressed pumpkin seed and walnut oils obtained from the specific varieties (Cucurbita pepo var. oleifera and Juglans regia L.). The analyses included the determination of acid value, peroxide value, and anisidine value. The content of chlorophylls and carotenoids was identified, and the fatty acid, phytosterol, and tocopherol profiles were characterized. The results were subjected to principal component analysis and compared with the physicochemical parameters of other popular niche oils. It was shown that both oils tested have unique, relatively simple fatty acid profiles (only 5-6 dominant acids were identified). In addition, significant differences in squalene content were observed: pumpkin seed oil showed a higher concentration than other vegetable oils. In contrast, walnut oil was found to lack squalene, which is atypical among the analyzed niche oils.