Evidence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipodystrophy syndrome in children treated with protease inhibitors.

We conducted a prospective evaluation for evidence of the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome of 26 children infected with HIV-1. Six children had evidence of body fat redistribution. Nine children showed laboratory evidence of insulin resistance. All children with body fat distribution or insulin resistance had been treated with protease inhibitors. Children treated with protease inhibitors had higher total cholesterol, higher low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and higher triglycerides than untreated children.