The Global Trachoma Mapping Project: Methodology of a 34-Country Population-Based Study.
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Solomon Anthony W, Pavluck Alexandre L, Courtright Paul, Aboe Agatha, Adamu Liknaw, Alemayehu Wondu, Alemu Menbere, Alexander Neal D E, Kello Amir Bedri, Bero Berhanu, Brooker Simon J, Chu Brian K, Dejene Michael, Emerson Paul M, Flueckiger Rebecca M, Gadisa Solomon, Gass Katherine, Gebre Teshome, Habtamu Zelalem, Harvey Erik, Haslam Dominic, King Jonathan D, Mesurier Richard Le, Lewallen Susan, Lietman Thomas M, MacArthur Chad, Mariotti Silvio P, Massey Anna, Mathieu Els, Mekasha Addis, Millar Tom, Mpyet Caleb, Muñoz Beatriz E, Ngondi Jeremiah, Ogden Stephanie, Pearce Joseph, Sarah Virginia, Sisay Alemayehu, Smith Jennifer L, Taylor Hugh R, Thomson Jo, West Sheila K, Willis Rebecca, Bush Simon, Haddad Danny, Foster Allen
Аннотация
METHODS: A series of national and sub-national projects owned, managed and staffed by ministries of health, conduct house-to-house cluster random sample surveys in evaluation units, which generally correspond to "health district" size: populations of 100,000-250,000 people. In each evaluation unit, we invite all residents aged 1 year and older from h households in each of c clusters to be examined for clinical signs of trachoma, where h is the number of households that can be seen by 1 team in 1 day, and the product h × c is calculated to facilitate recruitment of 1019 children aged 1-9 years. In addition to individual-level demographic and clinical data, household-level water, sanitation and hygiene data are entered into the purpose-built LINKS application on Android smartphones, transmitted to the Cloud, and cleaned, analyzed and ministry-of-health-approved via a secure web-based portal. The main outcome measures are the evaluation unit-level prevalence of follicular trachoma in children aged 1-9 years, prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis in adults aged 15 + years, percentage of households using safe methods for disposal of human feces, and percentage of households with proximate access to water for personal hygiene purposes.
RESULTS: In the first year of fieldwork, 347 field teams commenced work in 21 projects in 7 countries.
CONCLUSION: With an approach that is innovative in design and scale, we aim to complete baseline mapping of trachoma throughout the world in 2015.