Photoelectrochemical determination of alkaline phosphatase activity based on a photo-excited electron transfer strategy.

A sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor for determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was constructed based on a photo-excited electron transfer strategy. Immobilization of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) on TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs), addition of iron (III) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in turn can effectively adjust the photocurrent response of TNAs under visible light irradiation due to a photo-excited electron transfer process, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity can be determined for its catalysis toward dephosphorylation of ATP. The preparation of CdTe QDs, construction of TNA/QD PEC biosensor and the mechanism of photo-excited electron transfer are investigated in the present work. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the TNA/QD PEC biosensor shows a low limits of detection (LODs) (0.05 U L-1) and limits of quantification detection (LOQs) (0.15 U L-1), wide linear range from 0.2 to 15 U L-1, and good selectivity towards ALP determination, which has been successfully applied for human serum analysis with good precision (RSD ≤ 5.4%) and high accuracy (recovery rate, 91-112%).