Trachoma: possibilities of prevention. A study in the Sultanate of Oman.

Using a questionnaire and direct observation, this survey aimed at providing basic information on how to design an effective trachoma prevention campaign. Among the population of rural Oman, the causal relations between Chlamydia conjunctivitis and the later complications, trichiasis, corneal ulcer and eventually blindness, are still widely unknown, so that prevention of contagion seems irrelevant in public opinion. A booklet on the prevention of blindness was very poorly understood, because the population is highly illiterate, and because even the pictures used were not appropriate. Such concepts as contagion and the importance of flies in the spread of diseases appeared to be common in the population surveyed. These ideas could provide a starting point in a picture- and television-based campaign. The results are consistent with theory that the success of a trachoma prevention campaign depends on a thorough knowledge of local sociocultural particularities.