[Cryptogenetic ascites. Attempts at original pathophysiologic explanation of a monomorphic sonographic image pattern].

In 15,645 consecutive ultrasound examinations of the abdomen (1986 to 1988), free fluid in the peritoneal cavity was found in 247 patients by internal trial during 397 sessions (= 2.5%). Most frequent basic diagnosis for the reason of this symptom were tumorous diseases (99 patients corresponding to 40.1%), cirrhosis of the liver (52 patients corresp. to 22.1%) and heart failure (31 patients corresp. to 12.6%, among these complex gayprooft myocardial insufficiency 24, right heart failure 7). Ovarian cysts or cystomas (7), acute/chronic-recurrent pancreatitis (6), Crohn's disease (3), infections (3), rheumatoid disorders (3), nephrotic syndrome (2), and extra-uterine pregnancy (2) were more rarely represented. In 23 patients (corresp. to 9.3%) the cause of an ascites remained obscure. Among these, a high prevalence of the female sex in the premenopausal age was remarkable with a score of 20:3 (statistically significant difference in terms of the other patients of our group). This observation suggests that an ovarian factor plays a role in the development of ascites in the absence of other evident causes. The literature implies that endometriosis is rather prominent, followed by oligosymptomatic infections or inflammatory diseases.