[Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy: significance in everyday clinical practice].

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy (PLE) is a newly recognized syndrome with characteristic radiologic findings. The clinical picture resembles that of hypertensive encephalopathy. PLE is caused by uncontrolled hypertension as well as other neurotoxic conditions. We report on 3 patients with this syndrome. One patient also had transient hydrocephalus which may have been caused by PLE. Clinicians must be aware of this syndrome as its recognition obviates unnecessary diagnostic procedures. PLE is reversible by lowering elevated blood pressure and treating neurotoxic conditions such as uremia.