Risk Factors and Management of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: The Ongoing Battle Between Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulation.

Cancer-associated thrombosis is a significant health care problem. It is often challenging to balance the risks of recurrent thrombosis and treatment-related bleeding in this patient population, requiring individualized treatment decisions because of its complicated clinical course. There have been significant advances in the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis over last 5 years based on data from randomized clinical trials. However, knowledge gaps still exist such as effective risk prediction of recurrent cancer-associated thrombosis and treatment-related bleeding using biomarkers or clinical variables. This narrative article review discusses the pertinent risk factors and summarizes the main treatment domains in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism and potential future directions.