Treatment of a Pediatric Case of Severe Hemorrhagic Cystitis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Hemorrhagic cystitis is one of the complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis is difficult, especially in pediatric patients. A pediatric case of severe hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was treated in our hospital with arterial embolization combined with corticosteroid therapy because the conventional therapy was invalid for him. After the treatment, hemorrhagic cystitis was cured. During follow-up, the patient was in stable condition, with normal urine, blood cells returned to normal, bone marrow was in complete remission state, and disease-free survival for more than 8 months. Selective bladder arterial embolism followed by corticosteroid therapy successfully treated the patient.