Pediatric laparoscopy.

Significant developments in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the adult population have led to increased application of MIS techniques for pediatric patients. Laparoscopy is the most common MIS procedure used in pediatrics. Traditional surgical procedures that are now being performed laparoscopically include gastrostomy, pyloromyotomy, and repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and imperforate anus. All perioperative team members must be prepared to provide appropriately sized instruments and equipment to facilitate use of MIS techniques in the pediatric population and must ensure safe patient care to achieve optimal patient outcomes.