STEAP1-targeted strategies in advanced prostate cancer: a review on therapeutic and diagnostic implications.

BACKGROUND/

OBJECTIVES

Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1 (STEAP1), a cell surface protein, is highly expressed in prostate cancer and is known to be associated with disease progression and poor prognosis. Based on its specificity for prostate cancer, significant progress has been made over the past decade to capitalize on STEAP1 as a diagnostic and treatment target, and its potential future role in prostate cancer care is of considerable interest.

SUBJECTS/

METHODS

This review evaluates the current and emerging strategies targeting STEAP1, integrating findings from preclinical studies and clinical trials.

RESULTS

This review discusses STEAP1-based diagnostics, including molecular imaging (89Zr-DFO-MSTP2109A) and liquid biopsy methods, as well as therapeutics, such as STEAP1 antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (DSPT3086S, ADRX-0405, ABBV-969, and DXC008), chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (STEAP1 CAR-T), bispecific T-cell engagers (Xaluritamig/AMG 509, BC261), and cancer vaccines.

CONCLUSIONS

STEAP1 represents a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target in prostate cancer, and its potential role in shaping future management of the disease warrants continued investigation.