[Mediterranean boutonneuse fever disclosed by severe neurological involvement].

The authors report a case of mediterranean boutonneuse fever disclosed in a 6 year-old child presenting with severe neurological disorder, coma, hypotonia, sphincteral disorders, rash and eschar at the site of bite. Rise of antibodies detected by indirect immunofluorescence test (1/80----1/320) confirmed the diagnosis. Visualization of ischemic internal capsules at cerebral CT scan brought evidence of vascular lesions in rickettsial disease.