Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2025
Boswellia serrata extract with low 3O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid-content causes efficient lipid mediator class switch.
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Nischang Vivien, Bachmann Vivien, Perkowski Bill J, Möbius Philipp, Börner Friedemann, Werner Markus, Gomez Mario, Abdel-Tawab Mona, Jordan Paul M, Werz Oliver
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Extracts of the gum resin from Boswellia (B.) serrata Roxb. (Burseraceae), termed frankincense, are popular natural remedies for treatment of inflammatory disorders, and clinical trials confirm the anti-inflammatory efficacy, especially in osteoarthritis. The pentacyclic triterpenes boswellic acids are exclusive to frankincense, where 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic (AKBA) is considered as the main active principle. AKBA allosterically modulates lipoxygenases (LOX) in lipid mediator (LM) biosynthesis. This LOX modulation leads to suppression of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes while increasing formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM), a process called LM class switch that promotes inflammation resolution.
PURPOSE: Here, we studied the role of AKBA in frankincense preparations for LM class-switching in human M1/M2 macrophage phenotypes by comparing the B. serrata extracts Boswellin® Super (BSR) and BoswelliaSan® (BOS), which contain 30 % and 3 % AKBA, respectively.
RESULTS: Concentration-response studies revealed only 2-fold increased effectiveness of BSR (30 % AKBA content) versus BOS (3 % AKBA content) for evoking 15-LOX product/SPM formation, and at doses corresponding to 10 µM AKBA each, BOS was much more efficient than BSR. This implies a limited role of AKBA and indicates additional active principles in BOS, supported by the finding that BOS corresponding to only 6 µM AKBA strongly exceeded the effects of 10 µM AKBA. Addition of BOS to AKBA-stimulated cells concentration-dependently increased 15-LOX product formation. Finally, exogenous omega-3 substrate supply synergizes with BOS in analogy to AKBA by marked elevation of SPM/15-LOX product levels.
CONCLUSIONS: B. serrata extracts promote a beneficial LM class switch in human macrophages, which might not be primarily attributed to AKBA, but to additional compounds.
PURPOSE: Here, we studied the role of AKBA in frankincense preparations for LM class-switching in human M1/M2 macrophage phenotypes by comparing the B. serrata extracts Boswellin® Super (BSR) and BoswelliaSan® (BOS), which contain 30 % and 3 % AKBA, respectively.
RESULTS: Concentration-response studies revealed only 2-fold increased effectiveness of BSR (30 % AKBA content) versus BOS (3 % AKBA content) for evoking 15-LOX product/SPM formation, and at doses corresponding to 10 µM AKBA each, BOS was much more efficient than BSR. This implies a limited role of AKBA and indicates additional active principles in BOS, supported by the finding that BOS corresponding to only 6 µM AKBA strongly exceeded the effects of 10 µM AKBA. Addition of BOS to AKBA-stimulated cells concentration-dependently increased 15-LOX product formation. Finally, exogenous omega-3 substrate supply synergizes with BOS in analogy to AKBA by marked elevation of SPM/15-LOX product levels.
CONCLUSIONS: B. serrata extracts promote a beneficial LM class switch in human macrophages, which might not be primarily attributed to AKBA, but to additional compounds.