Phytochemical Investigation, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity Determination of Leaf Extracts of Cynoglossum coeruleum (Shimgigit).

The leaf of Cynoglossum coeruleum is traditionally used in tropical medicine for treating various ailments. This study analyzed the phytochemicals, flavonoid and phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity of its leaf extracts. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins. The total flavonoid content in methanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts was 74.66 mgQE/g, 67.34 mgQE/g, and 15.39 mgQE/g, respectively. Total phenolic content was 61.93 mg GAE/g, 25.61 mg GAE/g, and 17.72 mg GAE/g. The extracts showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis at higher concentrations.