Indian pediatrics · 2014
INCLEN Diagnostic Tool for Neuromotor Impairments (INDT-NMI) for primary care physician: development and validation.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Gulati Sheffali, Aneja Satinder, Juneja Monica, Mukherjee Sharmila, Deshmukh Vaishali, Silberberg Donald, Bhutani Vinod K, Pinto Jennifer M, Durkin Maureen, Tudu Poma, Pandey Ravindra M, Nair M K C, Arora Narendra K, INCLEN Study Group
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a diagnostic tool for use by primary care physicians for diagnosing neuro-motor impairment among 2-9 year old children in primary care settings.
STUDY DESIGN: Modified Delphi technique involving national (n=49) and international (n=6) experts was used for development of INDT-NMI. The tool was then validated through a cross sectional study.
SETTING: Neurology specialty clinics of three tertiary care pediatric centers in New Delhi, India.
PARTICIPANTS: 454 children aged 2-9 years [mean (SD) age: 60.4 (23.7) mo], selected through systematic random sampling, underwent assessment for identification and classification of neuromotor impairments (NMI).
INTERVENTION: All study subjects were first administered INDT-NMI (candidate test) by a trained physician followed by expert assessment for NMI and other neurodevelopment disorders (NDD) by team of two pediatric neurologists (Gold standard).
RESULTS: According to expert evaluation, 171 (37.8%) children had neuromotor impairments. There were four categories of subjects: NMI alone (n=66); NMI+other NDDs (n=105); Other NDDs without NMI (n=225) and 'Normal' group (n=58). Using expert evaluation as gold standard, overall sensitivity of the INDT-NMI was 75.4% and specificity was 86.8%. INDT-NMI helped graduate physicians to correctly classify 86.6% (112/129) children with NMI into different types (cerebral palsy, neuromotor diseases and other NMI). Graduate physicians assigned 40 children (8.8%) as 'indeterminate', 38 (95%) of whom had either NDD and/or NMI and thus merited referral. Misclassification of NMI occurred in those with mild changes in muscle tone, dystonia, or ataxia and associated NDDs.
CONCLUSIONS: Graduate primary care physicians with a structured short training can administer the new tool and diagnose NMI in 2-9 year old children with high validity. INDT-NMI requires further evaluation in actual primary care settings.
STUDY DESIGN: Modified Delphi technique involving national (n=49) and international (n=6) experts was used for development of INDT-NMI. The tool was then validated through a cross sectional study.
SETTING: Neurology specialty clinics of three tertiary care pediatric centers in New Delhi, India.
PARTICIPANTS: 454 children aged 2-9 years [mean (SD) age: 60.4 (23.7) mo], selected through systematic random sampling, underwent assessment for identification and classification of neuromotor impairments (NMI).
INTERVENTION: All study subjects were first administered INDT-NMI (candidate test) by a trained physician followed by expert assessment for NMI and other neurodevelopment disorders (NDD) by team of two pediatric neurologists (Gold standard).
RESULTS: According to expert evaluation, 171 (37.8%) children had neuromotor impairments. There were four categories of subjects: NMI alone (n=66); NMI+other NDDs (n=105); Other NDDs without NMI (n=225) and 'Normal' group (n=58). Using expert evaluation as gold standard, overall sensitivity of the INDT-NMI was 75.4% and specificity was 86.8%. INDT-NMI helped graduate physicians to correctly classify 86.6% (112/129) children with NMI into different types (cerebral palsy, neuromotor diseases and other NMI). Graduate physicians assigned 40 children (8.8%) as 'indeterminate', 38 (95%) of whom had either NDD and/or NMI and thus merited referral. Misclassification of NMI occurred in those with mild changes in muscle tone, dystonia, or ataxia and associated NDDs.
CONCLUSIONS: Graduate primary care physicians with a structured short training can administer the new tool and diagnose NMI in 2-9 year old children with high validity. INDT-NMI requires further evaluation in actual primary care settings.