Liposome integrated hydrogel for diabetic wound healing: molecular mechanisms in inflammation and oxidative stress mitigation.

The present study aimed to formulate p-CA liposomes loaded hydrogel for effective wound healing. The preparation and optimization of liposomes is done by ethanol injection method using 32 factorial design. The effect of variables that is lipid and cholesterol concentration on particle size and entrapment efficiency (%) was investigated. Prepared liposomes were characterized for zeta potential, morphology, in-vitro release and ex-vivo permeation study. The optimized liposomes exhibited particle size of 184.5 nm with zeta potential value of -24.9 mV and highest entrapment efficiency of 91%. The liposomes were loaded in gel using 934P. Liposomal loaded gel displayed higher permeation of 73.41% compared to plain gel (49.62%). Wound healing study demonstrated remarkable healing with more than 98% wound closure by liposomal hydrogel which confirms good wound contraction in both diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Therefore, the developed formulation represents a potential drug delivery system for the effective incorporation of p-CA in wound healing therapy.