Selenium-enriched chickpea beverage powders: How particle size shapes composition and functionality.

Sifting of extrudates powders obtained from germinated chickpea flour, with or without selenium biofortification, and with or without the addition of commercial fish oil increased the protein content and solubility. The fine powder with the highest protein content (23.63 g/100 g DW) was that of non-selenized germinated chickpea and fish oil. This formulation had a water solubility index (WSI) of 18.76 % that increased to 37.71 % after sifting. This formulation also had a lower content of rapid digestible starch (29 g/100 g) compared to germinated chickpea powders (33-36 g/100 g), except when selenized yeast (28 g/100 g) was used in the formulation. Only the germinated selenium-biofortified chickpea formulation without fish oil (SSWW) contained linoleic (C18:2 n-6) and linolenic acids (C18:3 n-3). Fine fractions had higher levels of glutamic (15.9 g/100 g DW) and aspartic acids (11.3 g/100 g DW), and arginine (8.2 g/100 g DW) that improved water solubility index.