[Research progress in flavonoid apiosides from plants and their biosynthetic pathways].

Flavonoid apiosides are flavonoid glycosides containing the apiosyl group, with wide distribution in nature. According to the different types of aglycones, flavonoid apiosides can be classified into flavanone apiosides, chalcone apiosides, flavone apiosides, flavonol apiosides, and isoflavone apiosides. Existing research results indicate that flavonoid apiosides exhibit various pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and bone formation-promoting properties, displaying promising medicinal prospects. However, due to the low content of flavonoid apiosides in plants and the cumbersome chemical synthesis steps, there are considerable difficulties in obtaining flavonoid apiosides, which greatly limit the research on their druggability. The discovery of enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of flavonoid apiosides lays a foundation for the large-scale preparation of flavonoid apiosides through biosynthesis. This article reviews the structural diversity, pharmacological activities, and biosynthesis studies of flavonoid apiosides identified in plants, intending to pave a way for the development and application of flavonoid apiosides.