Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2021
The Signature of Primary Writing Tremor Is Dystonic.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Latorre Anna, Rocchi Lorenzo, Batla Amit, Berardelli Alfredo, Rothwell John C, Bhatia Kailash P
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: It has been debated for decades whether primary writing tremor is a form of dystonic tremor, a variant of essential tremor, or a separate entity. We wished to test the hypothesis that primary writing tremor and dystonia share a common pathophysiology.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiological hallmarks of dystonia in patients affected by primary writing tremor.
METHODS: Ten patients with idiopathic dystonic tremor syndrome, 7 with primary writing tremor, 10 with essential tremor, and 10 healthy subjects were recruited. They underwent eyeblink classic conditioning, blink recovery cycle, and transcranial magnetic stimulation assessment, including motor-evoked potentials and short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition at baseline. Transcranial magnetic stimulation measures were also recorded after paired-associative plasticity protocol.
RESULTS: Primary writing tremor and dystonic tremor syndrome had a similar pattern of electrophysiological abnormalities, consisting of reduced eyeblink classic conditioning learning, reduced blink recovery cycle inhibition, and a lack of effect of paired-associative plasticity on long-interval intracortical inhibition. The latter 2 differ from those obtained in essential tremor and healthy subjects. Although not significant, slightly reduced short-interval intracortical inhibition and a larger effect of paired-associative plasticity in primary writing tremor and dystonic tremor syndrome, compared with essential tremor and healthy subjects, was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Our initial hypothesis of a common pathophysiology between dystonia and primary writing tremor has been confirmed. Primary writing tremor might be considered a form of dystonic tremor. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiological hallmarks of dystonia in patients affected by primary writing tremor.
METHODS: Ten patients with idiopathic dystonic tremor syndrome, 7 with primary writing tremor, 10 with essential tremor, and 10 healthy subjects were recruited. They underwent eyeblink classic conditioning, blink recovery cycle, and transcranial magnetic stimulation assessment, including motor-evoked potentials and short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition at baseline. Transcranial magnetic stimulation measures were also recorded after paired-associative plasticity protocol.
RESULTS: Primary writing tremor and dystonic tremor syndrome had a similar pattern of electrophysiological abnormalities, consisting of reduced eyeblink classic conditioning learning, reduced blink recovery cycle inhibition, and a lack of effect of paired-associative plasticity on long-interval intracortical inhibition. The latter 2 differ from those obtained in essential tremor and healthy subjects. Although not significant, slightly reduced short-interval intracortical inhibition and a larger effect of paired-associative plasticity in primary writing tremor and dystonic tremor syndrome, compared with essential tremor and healthy subjects, was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Our initial hypothesis of a common pathophysiology between dystonia and primary writing tremor has been confirmed. Primary writing tremor might be considered a form of dystonic tremor. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.