Determinants of quality of life among patients with breast cancer in Africa: A systematic review.

AIM: To detect and describe determinants influencing the quality of life among patients with breast cancer across Africa.

METHODS

Applying the PRISMA methodology, we searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception through January 2024 using the following search terms: breast cancer, quality of life, and Africa. The studies selected aimed to identify the factors that impact the quality of life of African women with breast cancer. The methodological rigour of each publication was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, which was adjusted for both cohort and cross-sectional study designs.

RESULTS

22 studies were included in this systematic review, consisting of 15 (68%) cross-sectional studies and 7 (32%) prospective studies. These studies investigated more than 34 different determinants influencing the quality of life among breast cancer. Comorbidities, chemotherapy, anxiety, and depression generally reported poorer quality of life initially, though it often showed improvement over time. Research findings varied regarding how age, marital status, income, and treatment types influence the quality-of-life outcomes among patients with breast cancer in Africa.

CONCLUSION

Breast cancer patients frequently experience a worse quality of life, particularly if they are receiving chemotherapy and have additional medical conditions. This situation highlights the importance of offering patients additional therapies to improve their overall quality of life, together with comprehensive psychological and social support.