[Experience with the treatment of cicatrical laryngotracheal obstruction in children].

A total of 152 children presenting with various forms of laryngotracheal obstruction were admitted to the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital during the period between 1995 and 2009. Cicatrical stenosis predominated in the structure of chronic laryngeal obstruction accounting for 33% of the cases. In the overwhelming majority of these patients, the main cause underlying the process of formation of rough cicatrical tissue in the larynx was a long-standing intubation injury (3-4 days during the inflammatory reaction and 7-8-day laryngeal intubation period). The patients with pronounced cicatrical obliteration of the larynx underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction of the laryngeal lumen with the formation of an external passage, removal the cicatrical conglomerate with the obligatory enlargement of the laryngeal cross section area in the stenosed region, and subsequent long-term prosthetic treatment with plastic closure of tracheostoma. Endoscopic microsurgery in the cicatrical stenosis region during direct laringoscopy under video control was used to treat the patients with superficial forms of cicatrical stenosis, such as membrane stenosis, synechiae, and circular stenosis, characterized by moderate narrowing of the laryngeal lumen.