Bioactive Sesterterpenoids from the Mangrove-Derived Aspergillus sp. GXIMD 03023.

Four novel sesterterpenoids, asperterpenoids Q-T (1-4), featuring a rare 5/7/(3)6/5 pentacyclic skeleton were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. GXIMD 03023 using an NMR-guided approach. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D/2D-NMR and HRESIMS, supplemented by experimental and ECD spectral matching, DFT-calculated 13C NMR chemical shifts, and DP4plus probability analysis. Compounds 1-4 were screened for antibacterial activity and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) inhibitory activity. Compound 1 showed weak activity against Vibrio harveyi and Xanthomonas campestris, with MIC values of 3.12 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 3 had significant inhibitory activity against BPH with an IC50 value of 3.68 μM.