Effect of chronic kidney disease on excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSES: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common sleep disorder in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Non-ergot dopamine agonists increase the risk of unanticipated sleep episodes.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess the influence of renal function on EDS in patients with PD.

METHODS

Sixty-two patients treated with ropinirole or pramipexole were recruited for this study. We evaluated the historical and clinical characteristics including the motor symptom rating scales, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). An ESS score of 10 or greater was defined as EDS. Participants with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) were determined to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive factors of EDS.

RESULTS

Chronic kidney disease was found to be a significant predictive factor for EDS in all patients (P = 0.014). We observed a negative correlation between the severity of daytime sleepiness and renal function in patients treated with pramipexole alone (r(s) = -0.637, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Chronic kidney disease may be a risk factor for EDS, especially in patients treated with pramipexole, which is directly excreted in the urine.