Pseudocysts of the kidney, with a report of a hemorrhagic pararenal pseudocyst associated with multiple small renal infarcts.

A case of a hemorrhagic pararenal pseudocyst associated with med from multiple small emboli is described. The most common cause of pseudocyst formation is trauma. Hydronephrosis is almost always associated with urinary pseudocyst formation. Treatment should be directed at relieving urinary obstruction with excision of the cyst wall when renal parenchyma remains. Pararenal lesions of uncertain nature should be explored. Biopsy of the base of a hemorrhagic cyst should be considered before nephrectomy is performed.