Microplastics and orthodontic aligners: The concerns arising from the modernization of practice through polymers and plastics.

Plastic aligners have transformed orthodontics, offering a discreet, comfortable, and aesthetically pleasing alternative to traditional fixed appliances. While they have advantages over fixed appliances, they come with environmental and health concerns due to the use of nonbiodegradable plastics, such as the leaching of Bisphenol-A (BPA) and microplastics that can impact human health directly through ingestion. Studies have shown that plastic aligners release microplastics during use, raising concerns about their potential health effects and environmental pollution. The potential health effects of ingested microplastics extend beyond gut microbiota disruption to impact various systems in the body. Research suggests that microplastic exposure can lead to respiratory complications, cardiovascular risks, and implications for brain health and cognitive function. The mechanisms of microplastic uptake into the body through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact are essential for understanding how these particles interact with human tissues and organs. By prioritizing patient safety, responsible practices, and advancing scientific knowledge the orthodontic community can work towards mitigating the potential health impacts associated with microplastic exposure from aligners.