Shock in children: the first 60 minutes.

Significant morbidity and even mortality can result if early and aggressive resuscitation is not provided for children in shock. When faced with such patients, the initial therapy must include the basics of resuscitation including airway management and assisted ventilation when indicated. Correction of metabolic abnormalities such as hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and acidosis may partially correct the cardiovascular dysfunction. Fluids and inotropic agents are chosen based on the underlying pathology and the associated cardiovascular parameters.