Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2025
Evaluation of protective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Amaranthus spinosus on acetic acid induced colitis in mice via modulating inflammatory markers and oxidative stress.
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Ganjare Anjali B, Raut Nishikant, Satpute Ravindra, Gurunani Shailju
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Ethnopharmacological practices have long utilized A. spinosus L., a plant known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in traditional medicine. Despite its widespread use, scientific validation of its therapeutic effects, particularly in gastrointestinal disorders like colitis, remains limited.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of A. spinosus on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice via modulating inflammatory markers and oxidative stress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved phytochemical estimation, quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents along with HPTLC of hydroalcoholic extract of A. spinosus L. Colitis was induced by colonic administration of 150 μl (5 %) acetic acid once, intra-rectally on the 8th day. A. spinosus L. was administered orally at 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg. Mice were euthanized on the 11th day; the colon was examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Malondialdehyde (MDA) biochemical analysis was used to investigate colon lipid peroxidation. ELISA was used to quantify the levels of inflammatory markers. Additionally, an immunohistochemistry investigation evaluated the level of caspase-3 and COX-2.
RESULTS: At doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, hydroalcoholic extract of A. spinosus L. markedly attenuated histological deterioration and lowered disease activity index. In addition, A. spinosus L. lowered concentrations of MPO, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA (p < 0.05). A. spinosus L. treatment resulted in decreased COX-2 and caspase-3 expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSION: A. spinosus L. hydroalcoholic extract provides prevention against colitis induced by acetic acid. Reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation could be accountable for this effect.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of A. spinosus on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice via modulating inflammatory markers and oxidative stress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved phytochemical estimation, quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents along with HPTLC of hydroalcoholic extract of A. spinosus L. Colitis was induced by colonic administration of 150 μl (5 %) acetic acid once, intra-rectally on the 8th day. A. spinosus L. was administered orally at 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg. Mice were euthanized on the 11th day; the colon was examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Malondialdehyde (MDA) biochemical analysis was used to investigate colon lipid peroxidation. ELISA was used to quantify the levels of inflammatory markers. Additionally, an immunohistochemistry investigation evaluated the level of caspase-3 and COX-2.
RESULTS: At doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, hydroalcoholic extract of A. spinosus L. markedly attenuated histological deterioration and lowered disease activity index. In addition, A. spinosus L. lowered concentrations of MPO, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA (p < 0.05). A. spinosus L. treatment resulted in decreased COX-2 and caspase-3 expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSION: A. spinosus L. hydroalcoholic extract provides prevention against colitis induced by acetic acid. Reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation could be accountable for this effect.