[The neurologic diseases].

Neurologic diseases have important social and economic repercussions. The economic cost related to medications, caretakers, and therapists is evident, as well as the impact the disease may cause on the family. Epilepsy is the most frequent cause of medical care at the out-patient service of the Manuel Velasco Suárez National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (NINN), in Mexico City and the estimated annual prevalence of this disease is 5.9 per 1,000 inhabitants. Parkinson's disease, the most representative of movement disorders, affects 20% of the populating aged > 65 years. Depression and dementia are complex and heterogeneous neuropsychiatry disorders, representing the fifth cause of morbility after accidents, cardiovascular disease, liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. During the last decades, encephalic trauma has been the first cause of mortality: among brain tumors, glioblastomas have the greatest impact. Among infectious disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which are relatively infrequent as compared to gastrointestinal or respiratory infections; viral encephalitis, AIDS-associated toxoplasmosis, and tuberculous meningitis are the most frequent discharge diagnoses at the NINN. The need for a national registration system of neurologic diseases is unquestionable. Such a system would provide accurate data regarding the magnitude of problems related with such disease and help design adequate care and prevention programs.