Protocol: pediatric epistaxis.

The central task in dealing with pediatric epistaxis is to differentiate between anterior and posterior origins of bleeding. An anterior bleed is usually of minor concern while a posterior bleed is usually life-threatening. A table of conditions causing epistaxis, a brief overview of anatomy and clinical tips for differentiating the two types during a physical exam are all designed to help the nurse practitioner make this important assessment. Emphasis is placed on treating anterior epistaxis with only a brief reference given to treatment of posterior epistaxis. Two teaching and counseling tables are provided for duplication and distribution to patients.