Journal of neuroimmunology · 2026
Prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid and serum CXCL10 levels for neurological sequelae of viral encephalitis in children: A retrospective study.
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Tan Ziming, Wang Jun, Zhang Mei, Zhu Hongtao, Luo Qiong
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Despite advances in supportive care, predicting the prognosis of neurological sequelae in pediatric viral encephalitis (VE) remains challenging. Given that C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10) mediates leukocyte trafficking across the blood-brain barrier during neurotropic viral infections, this study aimed to evaluate its prognostic value in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum at admission in children with VE.
METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 207 children with VE. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 157 matched pairs were included. CSF and serum CXCL10 were measured by ELISA. Spearman's correlation, ROC curves, logistic regression, and sensitivity analysis were performed.
RESULTS: CSF CXCL10 levels were significantly higher than serum levels in children with VE. In children with VE, CSF CXCL10 levels correlated positively with CSF WBC count and serum CXCL10, and negatively with CSF lymphocyte percentage. CSF and serum CXCL10 were higher in severe VE cases and those with poor prognoses. CSF and serum CXCL10 in VE children showed moderate positive correlation with neuron-specific enolase and myelin basic protein. Although CSF CXCL10 showed slightly higher predictive accuracy than serum CXCL10, the difference was not statistically significant. Serum CXCL10 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in children with VE. Serum CXCL10 remained independently associated with an mRS score of ≥3 at 6 months post-onset in children with VE.
CONCLUSION: Increased CSF and serum CXCL10 are closely associated with VE progression and prognosis, with serum CXCL10 acting as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.
METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 207 children with VE. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 157 matched pairs were included. CSF and serum CXCL10 were measured by ELISA. Spearman's correlation, ROC curves, logistic regression, and sensitivity analysis were performed.
RESULTS: CSF CXCL10 levels were significantly higher than serum levels in children with VE. In children with VE, CSF CXCL10 levels correlated positively with CSF WBC count and serum CXCL10, and negatively with CSF lymphocyte percentage. CSF and serum CXCL10 were higher in severe VE cases and those with poor prognoses. CSF and serum CXCL10 in VE children showed moderate positive correlation with neuron-specific enolase and myelin basic protein. Although CSF CXCL10 showed slightly higher predictive accuracy than serum CXCL10, the difference was not statistically significant. Serum CXCL10 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in children with VE. Serum CXCL10 remained independently associated with an mRS score of ≥3 at 6 months post-onset in children with VE.
CONCLUSION: Increased CSF and serum CXCL10 are closely associated with VE progression and prognosis, with serum CXCL10 acting as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis.