Seroprevalence of Protective Antibodies Against Influenza and the Reduction of the Influenza Incidence Rate: An Annual Repeated Cross-Sectional Study From 2014 to 2019.
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Guiomar Raquel, Pereira da Silva Susana, Costa Inês, Conde Patricia, Cristóvão Paula, Rodrigues Ana Paula, Fernandes Aida, Dias Ana Paula, Couto Ana Rita, Ramos Angélica, Moita Carina, Rodrigues Carina, Vale Fátima, Caldeira Filomena, Bruges Armas Jácome, Pereira-Vaz João, Alves José, Freitas Ludivina, Martins Luis, Milho Luís, Mota-Vieira Luisa, Lopes Lurdes, Freitas Margarida, Pessanha Maria Ana, Correia Maria, Marques Maria Helena, Cardoso Maria João, Peres Maria João, Cunha Mário, Amantegui Patricia, Mota Paula, Lopes Paulo, Pereira Paulo, Viseu Regina, Cabral Rita, Côrte-Real Rita, Almeida Sofia, Soares Vânia, Mansinho Kamal, Hungnes Olav, Nunes Baltazar
Аннотация
METHODS: We conducted an annual repeated cross-sectional seroepidemiological survey, during June-August, from 2014 to 2019, in Portugal. A total of 4326 sera from all age groups, sex, and regions was tested by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Seroprevalence and geometric mean titers (GMT) of protective antibodies against influenza were assessed by age group, sex, and vaccine status (65+ years old). The association between summer annual seroprevalence and the difference of influenza incidence rates between one season and the previous one was measured by Pearson correlation coefficient (r).
RESULTS: Significant differences in seroprevalence of protective antibodies against influenza were observed in the population. Higher seroprevalence and GMT for A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) were observed in children (5-14); influenza B seroprevalence in adults 65+ was 1.6-4.4 times than in children (0-4). Vaccinated participants (65+) showed significant higher seroprevalence/GMT for influenza. A strong negative and significant correlation was found between seroprevalence and ILI incidence rate for A(H1N1)pdm09 in children between 5 and 14 (r = -0.84; 95% CI, -0.98 to -0.07); a weak negative correlation was observed for A(H3N2) and B/Yamagata (r ≤ -0.1).
CONCLUSIONS: The study provides new insight into the anti-influenza antibodies seroprevalence measured in summer on the ILI incidence rate in the next season and the need for adjusted preventive health care measures to prevent influenza infection and transmission.