Effects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2017-2018 Influenza Season.
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Rolfes Melissa A, Flannery Brendan, Chung Jessie R, O'Halloran Alissa, Garg Shikha, Belongia Edward A, Gaglani Manjusha, Zimmerman Richard K, Jackson Michael L, Monto Arnold S, Alden Nisha B, Anderson Evan, Bennett Nancy M, Billing Laurie, Eckel Seth, Kirley Pam Daily, Lynfield Ruth, Monroe Maya L, Spencer Melanie, Spina Nancy, Talbot H Keipp, Thomas Ann, Torres Salina M, Yousey-Hindes Kimberly, Singleton James A, Patel Manish, Reed Carrie, Fry Alicia M, US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness (Flu VE) Network, the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, and the Assessment Branch, Immunization Services Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Аннотация
METHODS: We used national age-specific estimates of 2017-2018 influenza vaccine coverage and disease burden. We estimated VE against medically attended reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza virus infection in the ambulatory setting using a test-negative design. We used a compartmental model to estimate numbers of influenza-associated outcomes prevented by vaccination.
RESULTS: The VE against outpatient, medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31%-43%), including 22% (95% CI, 12%-31%) against influenza A(H3N2), 62% (95% CI, 50%-71%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and 50% (95% CI, 41%-57%) against influenza B. We estimated that influenza vaccination prevented 7.1 million (95% CrI, 5.4 million-9.3 million) illnesses, 3.7 million (95% CrI, 2.8 million-4.9 million) medical visits, 109 000 (95% CrI, 39 000-231 000) hospitalizations, and 8000 (95% credible interval [CrI], 1100-21 000) deaths. Vaccination prevented 10% of expected hospitalizations overall and 41% among young children (6 months-4 years).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite 38% VE, influenza vaccination reduced a substantial burden of influenza-associated illness, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States during the 2017-2018 season. Our results demonstrate the benefit of current influenza vaccination and the need for improved vaccines.