Cross-protection to new drifted influenza A(H3) viruses and prevalence of protective antibodies to seasonal influenza, during 2014 in Portugal.
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Guiomar Raquel, Pereira da Silva Susana, Conde Patrícia, Cristóvão Paula, Maia Ana Carina, Pechirra Pedro, Rodrigues Ana Paula, Nunes Baltazar, Portuguese Laboratory Network for the Diagnosis of Influenza Infection, Milho Luís, Coelho Ana Paula, Fernandes Aida, Caseiro Paula, Rodrigues Fernando, Correia Lurdes, Pereira-Vaz João, Almeida Sofia, Branquinho Paula, Côrte-Real Rita, Viseu Regina, Peres Maria João, Sanches Raquel, Dantas Filipa, Freitas Ludovina, Andrade Graça, Maurílio Manuel, Caldeira Filomena, Cabral Veloso Rita, Mota-Vieira Luisa, Soares Marta, Couto Ana Rita, Bruges-Armas Jácome, Pinto Rita Mouro, Sobrinho Simões Joana, Costa Maria do Rosário, Guimarães João Tiago, Martins Luís, Cunha Mário
Аннотация
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a cross-sectional study based on a convenience sample of 626 sera collected during June 2014, covering all age groups, both gender and all administrative health regions of Portugal. Sera antibody titers for seasonal and new A(H3) drift influenza virus were evaluated by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HI). Seroprevalence to each seasonal influenza vaccine strain virus and to the new A(H3) drift circulating strain was estimated by age group, gender and region and compared with seasonal influenza-like illness (ILI) incidence rates before and after the study period.
RESULTS: Our findings suggest that seroprevalences of influenza A(H3) (39.9%; 95% CI: 36.2-43.8) and A(H1)pdm09 (29.7%; 95% CI: 26.3-33.4) antibodies were higher than for influenza B, in line with high ILI incidence rates for A(H3) followed by A(H1)pdm09, during 2013/2014 season. Low pre-existing cross-protection against new A(H3) drift viruses were observed in A(H3) seropositive individuals (46%). Both against influenza A(H1)pdm09 and A(H3) seroprotection was highest in younger than 14-years old. Protective antibodies against influenza B were highest in those older than 65years old, especially for B/Yamagata lineage, 33.3% (95% CI: 25.7-41.9). Women showed a high seroprevalence to influenza, although without statistical significance, when compared to men. A significant decreasing trend in seroprotection from north to south regions of Portugal mainland was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize that low seroprotection increases the risk of influenza infection in the following winter season. Seroepidemiological studies can inform policy makers on the need for vaccination and additional preventive measures.