Sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia in seriously injured motor vehicle crash occupants.

Objective

The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of sarcopenia (low muscle mass) and osteosarcopenia (low bone density and muscle mass) in older motor vehicle crash (MVC) occupants and the relationship of these musculoskeletal conditions with age, sex, and injury.

Methods

Sarcopenia and osteopenia was assessed from abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans of 61 seriously injured MVC occupants over age 50 in the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) database.

Results

The prevalence was 43% for sarcopenia, 25% for osteopenia, and 15% for osteosarcopenia in the CIREN occupants. The Injury Severity Score (ISS) was higher in those with only sarcopenia (mean ± SE = 22.4 ± 2.3), followed by those with osteosarcopenia (17.9 ± 2.4) and only osteopenia (12.8 ± 1.5). More total fractures were observed in occupants with sarcopenia alone (7.6 ± 1.5) or osteosarcopenia (7.0 ± 2.1) compared to nonsarcopenic occupants with osteopenia (4.0 ± 2.5).

Conclusions

Sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia may be associated with more serious injuries and fractures in MVCs.